https://cityduo.wordpress.com/tag/downtown
It has to be a very well coordinated effort to be able to continually stunt & thwart a city.
Use any excuse possible to scale back the heights of buildings, keep roads & bridges narrow & especially only have short trains.
The red tape & Double Dutch B$ can easily scale down any building project in Vancouver. Fortunately, Seattle & Calgary don't have as many hoops to jump through.
No one from outside of Vancouver, especially BC could believe that its as if there is a multi-generational power-structure that transcends parties & organizations.
This power-structure will use any group or party to continually thwart Vancouver & BC in general. All one has to do is look at Alberta & Washington State. Calgary & Seattle build up big infrastructure & flourish simply because they aren't under the control of Vancouver & BC.
In the early 1970s, Vancouver started to have some buildings taller than Honolulu.
Right into early 2022, Vancouver Planning Department wouldn't permit any office tower to match the height of One_America_Plaza in SD.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_America_Plaza Is a 34-story, 500 ft (150 m) tall building with an area of 623,000 sq ft (57,900 m2). San_Diego is notorious for having one of the shortest skylines of any american city. Some day, if it can relocate its airport then it will likely have buildings as tall as Edmonton.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Canada#Tallest_buildings_in_Canada